Examinando por Autor "Kuokka, Ilpo"
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Ítem Tierra del Fuego as a target for biogeographical research in the past and present(1989) Tuhkanen, Sakari; Kuokka, Ilpo; Hyvönen, Jaakko; Streenroos, Soili; Niermelä, JariSakari Tuhkanen, Upo Kuokka, Jaakko Hyvönen, Soili Stenroos, Jari Niemelä (1990). Tierra del Fuego as a target for biogeographical research in the past and present. Ans. Inst. Pat. Ser. Cs. Nats. 19-2: 5-107 ISSN 0085-1922. The paper outlines the physical geographical conditions in Tierra del Fuego, the southern extremity of South America in Chile and Argentina, with a series of maps (including some new climatic ones), the composition and affinities of its flora and the principal gradients in the Fuegian vegetacion, examines the history of scientific research of Tierra del Fuego with special reference to phytogeographical research. A Finnish project in biogeographical research of Tierra del Fuego is introduced. An extensive bibliography (about 900 titles) of the geographical, geological and botanical publications dealing with Tierra del Fuego is presented, with special emphasis on contributions by Nordic scientists. The most decisive physical geographical factor in Tierra del Fuego is the Andean Cordillera system. It brings about abrupt changes of topography and climate in short distances and gives to it a pronounced dualistic character. This is clearly reflected in a sequence of vegetation formations from open moorland and rainforests in the southwest to steppe in the northeast. Tierra del Fuego, a large archipelago, has been of great interest to various researchers. From the 16th century to our days the character of the exploration has changed into the direction of more scientific inquiry and detailed study. Some of the most important cornerstones in the research have been the first and second Cook circum-navigations (including the biologists Joseph Banks, Daniel Solander, J.R. & J.G.A. Forster), Charles Darwin, Joseph D. Hooker, Per Dusén, Otto Nordenskjold, Carl Skottsberg, Carl Caldenius, Väiö Auer and his expedtions, Edmundo Pisano and David M. Moore. A series of individual scientists and expeditions have worked in the area and produced a voluminous literature. There are, however, still relatively unknown parts in Tierra del Fuego. The research project of which this paper is the first contribution bears the name "The biogeographical position of Tierra del Fuego in relation to other antiboreal and boreal regions", and an entomological project connected to this is entitled "The occurrence of carabid beetles (Coleóptera; Carabidae) in Tierra del Fuego". Our projects are biogeographically and biologically onentated, when compared to the earlier Finnish expeditions to Tierra del Fuego and southern Patagonia, which were mainly Quaternary geological in character. The project is connected to the long Nordic research tradition in Tierra del Fuego (cf. the list above). In addition, taxonomie studies of Fuegian cryptogams have been undertaken by Nordic scientists since the last century (E.A. Vainio, William Nylander, Per Dusén, V.F. Brotherus, Veli Rasanen, Rolf Santesson). In zoology there are relatively weak traditions in the research of Tierra del Fuego, espcially as far as terrestrial fauna is concerned, the majority of previous works being more or less inventory in character. In this sense the faunistic-ecological carabid project has a pioneenng nature.